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PVA nanofibrous filter samples were fabricated in a laboratory under eight different electrospinning conditions; they were first characterized in terms of fiber size distributions by automatic SEM analysis. The quality factors of these nanofibrous filters were then evaluated using sodium chloride nanoparticles in the size range of 10–125nm. Results showed that, as expected, single layer filters with...
Kerosene combustion in diesel engines is getting more prevalent due to the push for kerosene use in diesel engines by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization military. The study of kerosene combustion in diesel engines has primarily been carried out through engine experiments. Negligible study has been carried out through engine simulations possibly due to the lack of a compact and reliable kerosene...
The article relates to heat-recovery (HR)/non-recovery (NR) coke ovens. A one-dimensional home-made mathematical model of a horizontal oven has been developed and it includes a series of sub-models. The heart of the model is a hydraulic network sub-model which is used to calculate both the amount of air entrained from surroundings and the flow rates in the oven’s channels/ducts. This paper, which...
The aqueous chemistry of lignite can change the properties of coal–water slurry. The aqueous chemistry of lignite–water slurry including dissolution kinetics of humics and properties of the residual lignite was studied using optical microscope imaging, SEM, FTIR, zeta potential and contact angle analysis. Also, the influence of humics dissolution on the interaction of micron-sized lignite particles...
). The sulfur atoms in these intermediates transform into small sulfur-containing gas molecules. Thus, sulfur atoms in lignite are finally removed by O2 molecules during the oxidation process.
Mercury in oxy-coal combustion flue gas may cause liquid metal embrittlement and material failure to aluminum (Al) heat exchangers, which needs to be removed with high efficiency before CO2 compression. Oxidized Hg (Hg2+) is soluble thus can be co-removed with SO2 in WFGD (Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization). However, the dissolved Hg2+ in slurry may also transform to the insoluble elemental mercury (Hg...
In this paper, we have investigated the ignition behaviour of Victorian brown coal under the steam-rich oxy-fuel combustion conditions. Two differently ranked coal, sub-bituminous and bituminous coal, were also tested for comparison. The ignition experiments were conducted in O2/N2/H2O and O2/CO2/H2O atmospheres, in an entrained flow reactor coupled with flat flame burner and in-situ optical diagnosis...
Fouling in heat exchangers not only reduces heat transfer performance significantly, but also causes considerable pressure drop, resulting in higher pumping requirements. It would be much more desirable if surfaces which are inherently less prone towards fouling could be developed. In this paper, autocatalytic Nickel–Phosphorus–Polytetrafluoroethylene (Ni–P–PTFE) composite coatings and modified diamond-like...
Particle size has significant effect on flame propagation behaviors in dust explosions. In this study, the flame propagation behaviors and microstructures in micro- and nano-titanium dust explosions were observed and compared. Results showed that flame propagation mechanisms in 50nm and 35μm titanium dust clouds were quite different. 50nm titanium dust flame was characterized by discrete single glowing...
A novel flow improver, the copolymer of octadecyl acrylate, styrene, and maleic anhydride (OASA), was prepared by copolymerization and esterification reaction to study its viscosity-reducing effect on bitumen based its existing application on crude oil. In this paper, chemical compositions, thermal stability, and viscosity were characterized by infrared spectra (IR), differential scanning calorimetry...
In this study presented here, attempt is made to development of active zeolite base catalyst for gasoline production in methanol to gasoline (MTG) catalytic process based on wet impregnation technique. Synthesis and improvement methods for ZSM-5 zeolite are essential for a wide variety of different reactions in the chemical industry. In this regard, HZSM-5 and promoted Zn/HZSM-5 samples are prepared...
The laminar flame speed is one of the most important combustion properties of a combustible mixture. It is an important target for chemical mechanism validation and development, especially at fuel-lean and high pressure conditions. In this study, the laminar flame speeds of two types of lean high-hydrogen syngas/oxygen/helium mixtures were measured at normal and evaluated pressures up to 10atm using...
This paper reports the mineralogical characteristics of a complete coal seam in the Late Permian Longtan Formation from the Yueliangtian mine, western Guizhou, southwestern China. The minerals in the coal were identified using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM–EDS), and low temperature ashing plus X-ray diffraction (LTA+XRD). The results...
This study investigated biodiesel production from jatropha seeds in a single step, i.e. by simultaneous solvent extraction and transesterification of jatropha oil, and possibility to transform the obtained cakes into binderless particleboards. n-Hexane was used as extracting solvent. The best operating conditions were identified to obtain optimal biodiesel yield and quality, and optimal physical and...
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an important impurity in coal-bed methane (CBM) and a dominant component of NOx pollution in practical engines. Its promoting effect on methane ignition has been studied in the current experimental and kinetic study. Ignition delay times of NO2/CH4/O2/Ar mixtures, with blending ratios of NO2:CH4 of 30:70, 50:50 and 70:30 for stoichiometric methane mixtures were measured in...
Understanding the nature of CO2 adsorption in porous materials is important to developing the next generation high performance adsorbents for CO2 capture. The mechanism of CO2 adsorption in a typical metal organic framework (MOF) material, named Mg/DOBDC (DOBDC=1,4-dioxido-2,5-benzenedicarboxylate), was investigated by experiments and theoretical calculations. Needle-shaped Mg/DOBDC crystals were...
The use of low levels of biodiesel in diesel fuel is becoming more widespread throughout the world, and yet there is still limited information on the actual impact of low concentration biodiesel blends on NOx emissions. For this purpose, two different methyl ester feedstocks produced from soybean oil and animal tallow were tested at B5 and B10 levels in a 2006 Cummins ISM engine and a 1991 DDC Series...
Bioethanol production is of great interest to meet the renewable energy demand and reduce the negative environmental impacts of petroleum fuel while providing energy security for countries. In order to make ethanol production cost-competitive, inexpensive and easily available feedstocks are needed as well as novel processing technologies with higher productivities. In this study, biofilm reactors...
Although extensive studies have been conducted on the shale reservoir in recent years, little work has been focused on argillaceous dolomite. In this study, investigation of microscopic pore structure in the argillaceous dolomite reservoir in the Xingouzui Formation from the Jianghan Basin has been undertaken to further the understanding of the oil and gas storage mechanism in these rocks. Based on...
NOx reduction characteristics of syngas fuel were numerically investigated for the 2MW pilot-scale heavy oil furnace of KITECH (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology). The secondary fuel, syngas, was fed into the furnace with two purposes: partial replacement of main fuel and reburning of NOx. Some portion of syngas was fed into the flame zone to replace partially the heavy oil, while the other...
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